2:31 And He taught Adam the names of all things, then He displayed them to the angels and said: "Inform Me of the names of these if you are truthful."
2:32 They said: "Glory to You, we have no knowledge except that which You have taught us, You are the Knowledgeable, the Wise."
2:33. He said: "O Adam, inform them of their names," so when he informed them of their names, He said: "Did I not tell you that I know the unseen of the heavens and the earth, and that I know what you reveal and what you are hiding?"
2:34 And We said to the angels: "Yield to Adam," so they yielded except for Satan, he refused and became arrogant, and became of the rejecters.
[This has been placed for the humans to exercise free will and achieve personal growth or self-actualization. But this ’self’ is vulnerable to the evil prompting of its own intrinsic selfish desire or that of extrinsic sources. In that situation the ’self’ rebels against the higher controls of human judgment, and more importantly, against the revealed Moral Values. This rebellious state of the ’self’ has the ability to rationalize its desire and emotions through the intellect. And this rebellious state of the ‘Ego’ is Satan or Iblees.
It was this Iblees that refused to humble itself to the higher human controls of judgment and Divine Commands. Incidentally, the Qur’an nowhere mentions a human ’soul’, ’spirit’ or ’spirituality’. Iblees = Deprivation = Hopelessness = Frustration = Desperation and regret = Rebellious state of the human ’self’ that drifts away from the Divine Commands, but wishes to escape personal responsibility by blaming Allah for its own misdeeds.
See 7:16. Iblees said, "Since You have willed that I go astray, I will lurk in ambush for them in Your straight path.
”Sajdah = Prostration = Complete submission = Willful obedience = Utter humility = Adoration = Utmost commitment to Divine Cause = Humbling one’s own self]
2:35. We told the early humans, Adam and his wife, “O Mankind! Reside in this land which is Paradise and partake the fruit thereof as you please. But do not go near this branching Tree. Or, you will become of the wrongdoers.
[If you branch off into casts, sects, and rivalry, you shall replace your Paradise with Hell.
2:213.Mankind were one single community (but selfishness divided them). So, Allah sent Prophets as bearers of good news and warnings. He sent down with them the scripture in absolute truth that it might judge between people wherein they differed. But again, out of mutual rivalry, they divided themselves after all evidence of the Right had come to them! So, Allah shows the lighted road to those who would acknowledge the truth and thus resolve their disputes. And Allah guides to the straight road him who wills to be guided
4:65. By your Rabb,they do not really believe unless they make you a judge in all their disagreements, then find no hesitation in their hearts in accepting your judgment, and submit with full submission.
10:19. All mankind were but one community; then they differed. Had it not been for a Word that went forth from your Rabb , He would have judged their disputes immediately.
20:117. And thereupon We said, “O Adam! Surely, this is an enemy to you and your wife so let him not drive the two of you out of this Garden so that you have to toil hard”.
Zulm = To displace something from its rightful place = Replace good with evil = Relegate the truth = Transgression = Oppression = Violation of human rights = Wrongdoing]
2:36 But (iblis) Satan caused them both to stumble therein and got them out of the happy state they were in. And so We said, “Degraded you have become with wedges of discord among yourselves! There shall be for you habitation and livelihood on earth for a while.”
2:37. Then Adam received Words of guidance from his Rabb and He accepted his repentance. Certainly, He is the Acceptor of repentance, the Most Merciful.
[The word “Eve” or Hawwa is not mentioned in the Qur’an. She is described with dignity as Mer’a-til-Aadam = Adam’s Zaujah = Wife, Consort, Mate of Adam = Mrs. Adam.
The Qur’an adopts the beautiful method of either gently correcting or ignoring the errors in other scriptures. It does not repeat the Biblical fallacy of ‘Eve’ having been created from Adam’s rib. She also repented and Allah treated both of them equally.
7:23. They said, "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. Unless You forgive us and have mercy on us, we will certainly be lost.”
Again, Adam and his wife mean humankind, male and female.* *Taubah = Repentance = Returning to the right path = Realizing one's fault and taking corrective action.
4:17.Repentance is only for those who commit a sin out of ignorance and then repent soon after; these will be forgiven by Allah, for Allah is Knowledgeable, Wise.
4:18.The forgiveness is not for those who commit transgressions until death comes to one of them, and then he says, “I repent now.” Nor is the forgiveness for those who die as rejecters of truth. We have prepared an awful suffering for them.
5:39.Whoever repents after the crime and makes amends, Allah grants him pardon. Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
6:54. And if those who believe in Our revelations come to you, then say: "Peace be upon you, our Rabb has decreed mercy upon Himself, that any of you who commits sin out of ignorance and then repents afterwards and amends, then He is Forgiving, Merciful."
16:119.Then your Rabb to those who do evil out of ignorance, then they repent after that and they make good, your Rabb after that is Forgiver, Merciful.
24:5. Except those who repent after this and do good, then Allah is Forgiving, Merciful]
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